Childrens travel journal
Interventions that modify environments to make them more amenable for walking and cycling may be particularly attractive as they provide the potential for sustained impacts on whole populations, especially if accompanied by other determinants such as parental support, friend support and self-efficacy. Understanding the characteristics of children who walk or cycle, and the reasons for choosing these travel modes, are important first steps in developing effective interventions to increase the number of children engaging in active travel. showed that boys who walked to school were more active after school and into the evening than those who travelled by car. They have generally found that children who walk to school are likely to engage in more physical activity overall and are more likely to meet physical activity guidelines than children who travel by motorised travel. In addition, in the United Kingdom (UK), US and Australia there is evidence that the number of children walking to school is decreasing.Ī number of studies have examined the contribution of active travel to overall activity levels. In the United States of America (US), only 10% of children walk to school whereas in Scandinavian countries the prevalence of active travel is much higher. In spite of their health benefits and the variation in the method of assessment used, the number of walking and cycling trips undertaken by children is low. Although travel by bicycle does introduce health risks through accidents and injuries, the health benefits of cycling have been shown to outweigh these risks.
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CHILDRENS TRAVEL JOURNAL FREE
Walking is popular, convenient and free and has even been described as a "near perfect exercise". Walking or cycling for transport, otherwise known as 'active travel', is one way in which children can increase their levels of physical activity. These types of exercise have positive health benefits, irrespective of the purpose. This is despite the fact that being sufficiently active can be achieved by regularly engaging in moderate intensity exercise such as walking or cycling activities that can be incorporated into everyday life for recreation or transportation. Recent surveys report that 3 out of 10 boys and 4 out of 10 girls fail to meet recommendations. In the UK, levels of physical activity amongst children are low. It has also been associated with positive effects on mental health. Engagement in physical activity is vital for the prevention of obesity, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. Physical inactivity is a risk factor in the development of a range of diseases, such as coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. Further work should explore associations where gaps in understanding have been identified, and account for the main moderators of behaviour so hypothesised associations can be confirmed. We provide a review of the available literature and present a novel theoretical framework that integrates the environment into the wider decision making process around travel choices for children and adolescents. A conceptual framework is presented which highlights the associations between active travel behaviours and environmental factors, drawing upon both existing and hypothesised relationships.
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Results from the reviewed studies indicated that youth active travel is positively associated with social interactions, facilities to assist active travel and urban form in the neighbourhood as well as shorter route length and road safety en-route. Findings were categorised according to the location of the environmental measure examined attributes of the neighbourhood, destination and the route between home and destination. Twenty four studies were identified which examined the associations between the environment (perceived or objectively measured) and active travel among youth aged 5–18 years. However, links between the environment and active travel have received less attention. Recent research examining the associations between physical activity and the environment has shown that environmental factors play a role in determining behaviour in children and adolescents. Walking and cycling, forms of active travel, have the potential to contribute significantly towards overall physical activity levels. Many youth fail to meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity.